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Based on its influence over youth culture and identity, music is more than just the beats, lyrics, and instruments used. Music plays a crucial role in influencing individuals' and group beliefs, attitudes, and mannerisms. From the loud tunes of rock 'n' roll to the slow, smooth rhythms of r 'n' b, music relates deeply with the youth. Individuals tend to listen to music they can relate to through personal experiences. Through the different genres and music artists, music offers young people a language for ideal self-expression and emotional control. In addition, music serves as a magnetic force, drawing together young people from different parts of the world and enhancing the establishment of musical communities. Music can be described as a cultural mirror that reflects societal narratives that influence the shaping of listeners' attitudes, mannerisms, and identities. The influence that music has on young people's culture and identity can be examined for its ability to evoke emotions, foster social connections, and enhance the development of unique cultural identities.
Emotional Resonance
Music serves as an ideal tool for self-expression, allowing individuals to navigate and communicate their emotions. In the adolescent stage, individuals are predisposed to significant emotional exploration, growth, and development (Jia 164). This is advanced by the need for a sense of control and personality development, mandating keenness in identifying adequate avenues for self-expression. Music among adolescents provides a means for them to understand and deal with complex feelings. The presence of different artists and music genres creates accommodations for young people to channel varying emotions in a way that advances identity formation (Makiling et al. 122). For instance, music genres like punk rock and hip-hop allow young people to channel their frustration and communicate their defiance of social expectations. Using the contemporary example of musician Billie Eilish, her musical pieces often entail dark and introspective lyrics accompanied by moody soundscapes (Makiling et al. 124). This music genre resonates deeply with young people who fall under Generation Z for a number of reasons, including the group's high risk of mental illnesses, including depression and anxiety.
Through songs like 'Bury a Friend' and 'Ocean Eyes, ' Billie explores the topic of mental health and self-identity, which mirror the emotional confusion many adolescents face today (Makiling et al. 124). Contemporary rap artists such as Juice WRLD have mastered the art of blending elements of different music genres to create music that resonates with the challenges faced by young people. Through his emo rap music genre, the artist's songs explore themes of addiction, life's frustration, and depression. Taylor Swift is an iconic musician known for her ability to create music that connects with young people. Through songs like '22' and 'Fifteen,' Swift expresses her experiences and emotions concerning teenagehood (Ginting and Eldana 36). These artists are among many who have created massive fan bases, most of who are young people who relate to the music emotionally, creating room for self-realization and identity development.
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Besides creating accommodations for ideal self-expression, music enhances adequate social connections among young people. We live in an era characterized by social communities established via social platforms, including social media (Jia 163). Music communities are often formed by individuals with mutual interest in the same music genre and musical experiences. Social media, music festivals, and concerts serve as ideal spaces through which young people can interact and assimilate unique cultures (Gómez-Ullate and Saraiva 370). These interactions offer novel experiences that strengthen their social networks while at the same time enhancing the establishment of a collective culture among young people. In most cases, the connections created through music transcend cultural and geographical boundaries, allowing young people to foster alliances and mutual benefit interactions that, in turn, shape their identities. Referencing the famous BTS, the Korean-based music group has achieved immense global success owing to its unique music genre, which blends Korean pop and European music (Mclaren and Yong 101). The group's fans have created a BTS Army, which connects individuals from different cultural backgrounds and geographical locations. Through the BTS Army, young people develop a sense of belonging, influencing their culture and personal identities.
Another perfect example of how music fosters connections that influence youths' culture and identity is through music festivals. Events such as Tomorrowland and Coachella usually attract music fans from around the world. According to Gómez-Ullate and Saraiva (371), most of the people who take part in these events are young people who end up establishing temporary communities unified by their shared musical interests and experiences. These events allow adequate socialization, cultural exchange, and the collective appreciation of unique youth cultures. Due to the extensive use of social media platforms, young people with a mutual interest in specific music genres, artists, and groups have created online communities (Jia 163). These online communities, which often thrive on social platforms like Twitter and Reddit, allow music enthusiasts to share, discuss, and debate new music. Through these communities, individuals develop a sense of belonging and are often compelled to assimilate specific cultures that resonate with their music preferences (Jia 167). Therefore, music creates accommodations for ideal social interactions where young people from diverse parts of the world can interact and learn from each other. These interactions usually enhance the assimilation of unique youth cultures and personal identities.
Cultural Narratives
As mentioned earlier, music is crucial in shaping cultural narratives that influence the development of personal identities among young people. Music artists often choose music genres and use lyrics that mirror and address societal issues such as political ideologies, cultural values, and social norms. Therefore, music offers young people an alternative point of view on social issues while creating room for criticizing mainstream narratives. Unlike ordinary people, musicians, through their music, can communicate unconventional sentiments concerning social matters, which reflect the views of the majority, who have no platform to convey their opinions. For instance, hip-hop is a music genre that artists have often used to address injustices affecting minority groups. The music genre took center stage in the American music scene in the late 1970s after black artists embraced its power in critiquing society. Hip-hop artists were known to speak about systematic racism, police brutality, social injustices, and economic inequality, which were and still are controversial topics often concealed from public discussions (Anyiwo et al. 613). Listening to such music has had an immense impact on how young people affiliated with the black minority community perceive American society. These perceptions, in turn, influence the youths' identity formation.
Kendrick Lamar is a famous hip-hop artist affiliated with the minority black community, and he uses his music to address issues pertaining to social justice. In his song 'Alright,' Kendrick talks about the social injustices black people face in a white majority community and the need for resilience (Uhuru 36). This is one of many hip-hop songs that challenge the mainstream narrative aimed at discrediting the existence of systematic racism in American society. These songs offer young people a different perspective on social issues affecting marginalized communities (Uhuru 45). Such music advances the development of cultural narratives that challenge the existing status quo with the intent of triggering positive societal changes (Anyiwo et al. 615). In addition, music creates accommodations for the development of countercultures that go against conservative global cultures. In the search for personal identities, young people often demonstrate an interest in going against the norm. This is mirrored in the type of contemporary music available today. The global music scene has witnessed the emergence of unconventional musical bands such as the Arcade Five, famed for their boldness in challenging the culture of conformity and social obedience. Their songs resonate with young people seeking a sense of individuality.
Conclusion
Based on the presented arguments, music significantly influences young people's culture and identity development. This influence often manifests in three ways: emotional connection between the youths and music artists, the development of ideal social connections, and the establishment of alternative perspectives concerning social issues that contribute to cultural narratives that challenge the status quo. Music allows the youth to learn and understand complex events and emotions by influencing beliefs, attitudes, and mannerisms. In addition, music fosters a sense of belonging among young people through communities created online by fans in support of the ideologies and culture advanced by their favorite artists and preferred genres. Music also serves as a source of alternative opinions challenging the ideologies advanced by mainstream media. Therefore, music predisposes young people to alternative cultural narratives influencing youth culture and identity formation.
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- Anyiwo, Nkemka, et al. "“They can’t take away the light”: Hip-Hop culture and black youth’s racial resistance." Youth & Society 54.4 (2022): 611-634. https://doi.org/10.1177/0044118x211001096.
- Ginting, Daniel, and Eldana Reza Levana. "Cultural views of a society through Taylor Swift’s song." Interaction: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa 8.1 (2021): 34-49. https://doi.org/10.36232/jurnalpendidikanbahasa.v8i1.945.
- Gómez-Ullate, Martín, and Sofia Silveira Saraiva. "Festivals and Youth: An Educational Cultural Route to Festivals." Youth 4.1 (2024): 369-381.https://doi.org/10.3390/youth4010026.
- Li Jia. "Influential Digital Subcultures in Youth: A Popular Music Perspective." International Journal of Education Humanities and Social Science, vol. 05, no. 04, 2022, pp. 162–77. https://doi.org/10.54922/ijehss.2022.0421.
- Makiling, Ralph Michael, et al. "Billie Eilish Select Songs: Psychological Study of the Depression of Youth Today." International Journal of Language and Literary Studies, vol. 4, no. 4, Dec. 2022, pp. 122–38, https://doi.org/10.36892/ijlls.v4i4.1091. Accessed 6 Jan. 2023.
- Mclaren, Courtney, and Dal Yong. "'You Can't Help but Love Them': BTS, Transcultural Fandom, and Affective Identities." Korea Journal, vol. 60, no. 1, 2020, pp. 100–27, https://doi.org/10.25024/kj.2020.60.1.100.
- Uhuru, Anwar. ""Imbedded" Belonging and Black Being: A Critical Analysis of Blackness in Kendrick Lamar's 2016 Grammy Awards Performance." Journal of Hip Hop Studies, vol. 9, no. 1, 15 Dec. 2022, pp. 34-52, scholarscompass.vcu.edu/jhhs/vol9/iss1/4. Accessed 13 June 2024.