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Gas Generation
Experiment Report Sheet
Data
Record your data in the following table:
Experiment number | Size of tablet (full, ½, ¼, etc.) | Time (seconds) to fill the glass with gas | % of glass filled with gas if it was never filled | Temperature (oC or hot room temp, cold) |
1 | 12 | 30 % | Warm water (36 0 C) | |
2 | 17 | 30 % | Cold water (7 0C) | |
3 | 14 | 70 % | Warm water (36 0 C) | |
4 | 23 | 70 % | Cold water ( 7 0C) |
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- Look at the label. What are the ingredients (active and inactive) in the Alka-Seltzer tablet?
Active ingredients – Sodium bicarbonate, anhydrous Citric acid
Inactive ingredients – magnesium stearate, mannitol, flavor
- Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction that took place.
3 NaHCO3 + H3C6H5O7 🡪 Na3(C6H5O7) + 3H2O +3CO2
- What is the formula of the gas produced?
CO2 (Carbon (IV) oxide)
- According to the kinetic-molecular theory, why did the reaction not take place in the tablet, but did take place in water?
The reaction took place in water after the citric acid and the sodium carbonate dissolved in water, making the various cations and anions free. The free cations and anions were able to react with each other in the process.
- Which experiment occurred fastest or yielded the most gas? Why?
The experiment that was conducted with half the tablet had the highest yield of the gas and warm water of 36 0C yielded at a faster rate compared to the ice cold water. The half tablet had a higher concentration of the reacting material, hence more gas would be produced, and the warmer the water, the higher the rate of reaction, leading to a faster yield.
- Which experiment occurred slowest or yielded the least gas? Why?
The slowed experiment occurred when a quarter tablet and ice-cold water were used in the experiment. The quarter tablet had a smaller concentration of the reacting material, hence less gas produced, and the colder water reduced the rate at which the components reacted, hence a slower rate.
Conclusion
From the results of the experiment, it's evident that the yield of a reaction depends on the constitution of the reactants, and the rate of the reaction depends on the temperature of the reactants. When the concentration of the reactants is high, a higher yield of the products is attained, and a high temperature increases the rate of the reaction. The experiment focused on the rate of reaction and the factors that affect the rate at which reactions occur. I would suggest that the tablet can be crushed so that the surface area increases and the experiment is carried out in powdered form.
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